Flowers that bloom once  and die

Once in 10–30 years (not a century, despite the name).

Agave

Once every 20 to 120 years, depending on the species.

Bamboo

Once after about 80–100 years

Puya raimondii

Once in 30–80 years

Talipot Palm

After fruiting (which comes after flowering), the main stem dies, though suckers (offspring shoots) continue the growth.

Certain Banana Species